OpenAI Eyes 2027 IPO as Anthropic Hits $965B Valuation: AI Listing Landscape

For investors and market analysts, the convergence of sky-high valuations and government-imposed deployment restrictions adds a complex risk factor to the AI sector's public market ambitions. The delay of OpenAI's IPO and the conditional clearance of Anthropic's models could reshape IPO timelines and valuation multiples, forcing a recalibration of how the Street prices frontier technology companies facing direct regulatory gatekeeping.

The AI industry's two leading labs, OpenAI and Anthropic, are navigating a transformative period where the path to public markets intersects with unprecedented government intervention. As of late June 2026, both companies are hurtling toward valuations near $1 trillion, but their trajectories are being reshaped by regulatory decisions that signal a new era of state oversight over frontier artificial intelligence.

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This retreat from an earlier, more aggressive timeline comes as Anthropic has overtaken it in private valuation, reaching $965 billion, and also filed its own S-1 registration.

OpenAI, despite having filed a confidential S-1 with the SEC and launching advertising for ChatGPT, is reportedly leaning toward delaying its initial public offering until 2027, according to a June 26 report by The New York Times. This retreat from an earlier, more aggressive timeline comes as Anthropic has overtaken it in private valuation, reaching $965 billion, and also filed its own S-1 registration. The valuation race underscores the intense capital demand behind training and deploying next-generation AI systems, but the IPO delay suggests that the company may be grappling with market readiness, complex governance structures, or the sheer weight of Washington's new regulatory posture.

That posture became starkly visible on June 27, when the U.S. government weighed in on Anthropic's latest frontier models. The company's Mythos 5 was cleared for use, but only by vetted U.S. organizations, while its sibling model, Fable 5, remains suspended. At the same time, OpenAI agreed to a phased rollout of its own GPT-5.6 model at the government's request. These are not advisory guidelines; they are direct, outcome-shaping interventions that control which models can reach which users and on what schedule. The government is effectively operating as a gatekeeper for the most powerful AI capabilities.

For investors and the broader tech ecosystem, this development injects a new risk calculus. The AI models that command astronomical valuations are now subject to licensing-like controls reminiscent of defense or nuclear technology. This could delay revenue generation, alter product roadmaps, and create disparities between companies based on their perceived alignment with national security interests. Anthropic, having secured clearance for Mythos 5 under restricted terms, may gain a temporary competitive moat over other models that remain in regulatory limbo, including its own Fable 5 and potentially future OpenAI releases.

The regulatory mechanism also raises profound legal and policy questions. What authority is being exercised here? The Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) has expanded its purview to include sensitive technology, and export controls on AI model weights have been debated. The conditional clearance model hints at a new form of industrial policy where the executive branch can bestow or withhold market access for AI products without formal rulemaking. For OpenAI, the phased rollout agreement suggests a negotiated compliance approach rather than adversarial enforcement, but the opacity of these processes could undermine investor confidence.